The pulmonology unit deals with all lung and respiratory disorders. Physicians specialized in this field are called pulmonologists.
Pulmonologists receive 6 years of medical school education followed by 4 years of specialty training in pulmonology. They work in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases such as asthma, allergic diseases, bronchitis, lung cancer, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, chronic cough, COPD, sleep breathing problems and smoking addiction.
Diagnostic methods include chest radiographs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gas.
Which Diseases Does Pulmonology Treat?
Lung cancer: It starts when cells from normal lung tissue multiply out of need and control and form a mass (tumor) inside the lung. This mass then grows and becomes cancerous and spreads to surrounding tissues and organs. Lung cancer, which ranks first among cancer-related deaths, is prone to metastasis and early diagnosis is very important in its treatment.
Chronic coughs: Cough lasting longer than 8 weeks is defined as chronic cough. Chronic cough caused by underlying causes such as nasal discharge, asthma and reflux can lead to physical and mental problems. Complaints such as insomnia, urinary incontinence, weakness; in more severe cases, vomiting, dizziness and fainting may occur.
Collapsed Lung (Pneumothorax): Lung deflation occurs when air fills between two membranes in the lung. The space between these two membranes, which normally do not contain air, fills with air as a result of the membrane rupturing for any reason, and the lung is pressurized and deflates just like a balloon. It can occur in the absence of any disease, even when the person is at rest. It is extremely dangerous for people who already have a lung disease.
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Pulmonary embolism (pulmonary embolism): A pulmonary embolism is a blockage of one or more of the vessels leading from the heart to the lungs, usually by a clot, rarely by air or fat. Pulmonary embolism causes symptoms such as shortness of breath, heart palpitations and coughing and is a dangerous disease that can lead to death.
Sarcoidosis: Sarcoidosis is a reaction of the immune system against various tissues. Sarcoidosis, a rheumatologic disease, causes inflamed tissues called granilomas. It is usually treated with medication.
Pleurisy: A collection of fluid between the membranes surrounding the lungs. The most characteristic reaction is pain in a single area of the chest wall. It is seen as a result of another underlying disease. Treatment is planned to eliminate this disease.
Smoking-related diseases and smoking cessation methods: The lungs are the area where smoking causes the most serious problems. It is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases, COPD or lung cancer. Smokers are treated with medication and nicotine treatments or behavioral therapies.
Sleep apnea: Respiratory arrest during sleep. Choking can occur for a few seconds. During this suffocation, the oxygen level drops and wakes up the brain. Their sleep is often interrupted. It is also of interest to the ear, nose and throat unit.
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease): COPD is a permanent narrowing of the airways. It is characterized by the inability to exhale air into the lungs. It causes the person to choke or spend more energy while breathing in and out. The damage caused by COPD, the most important cause of which is smoking, is irreversible. Treatment aims to alleviate the symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease.
Asthma and allergic lung diseases: This is when an allergy that can cause problems in the body causes narrowing of the airways, coughing and wheezing. Shortness of breath, sensitivity to odors or coughing trigger asthma. Air pollution, smoking, susceptibility to allergies and a family history of the disease increase the risk of asthma.
Pneumonia is when the air sacs in the lungs fill with an inflamed fluid. It is an infectious disease and symptoms include fever, cough, sweating or chest pain.
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